STEM OPT extension: Everything you need to know to maximize your work time
For international students graduating from STEM programs in the U.S., optional practical training (OPT) offers a critical launchpad into the job market. But if your initial 12 months on OPT feel like they’re flying by, there’s good news: STEM OPT majors may be eligible for a 24-month extension – effectively giving you up to three full years of U.S. work experience.
The STEM OPT extension is a huge opportunity to build career momentum, secure long-term roles and position yourself for H-1B sponsorship or permanent residence. But it also comes with deadlines, documentation and rules that you can’t afford to miss.
This guide breaks down how the STEM OPT extension works, how to qualify and how to make the most of your extra time.
What is STEM OPT?
STEM OPT is a 24-month extension of post-completion OPT, available to F-1 visa holders who earned a degree in an eligible STEM field – science, technology, engineering or mathematics.
This extension is in addition to the standard 12-month OPT period, allowing a total of 36 months of U.S. work authorization after graduation. It’s one of the most valuable visa pathways for international postgraduates seeking longer-term employment and potential H-1B sponsorship. International student resources can help you navigate the STEM OPT process, from gathering the right documents to finding employers enrolled in E-Verify.
Who is eligible for the STEM OPT extension?
To qualify, you must:
- Have completed a U.S. degree in an eligible STEM OPT major, as listed by DHS (The Department of Homeland Security).
- Currently be on an approved period of standard post-completion OPT.
- Work for (or have a job offer from) an employer enrolled in E-Verify.
- Be working in a position that is directly related to your STEM degree in the U.S.
- Work at least 20 hours per week in the role.
- Submit Form I-983 (training plan) completed and signed by your employer.
- Apply before your current OPT period ends (United States Citizenship and Immigration Services, or USCIS, recommends applying 90 days before).
Your employer must be willing to complete compliance-related steps, including reporting and evaluations. Keep this in mind when considering job offers during your first OPT year. Securing international student internships or co-ops in STEM fields can be an important stepping stone to meeting these requirements.
When and how to apply for STEM OPT
Timing is everything. If you miss the application window, you lose your chance to extend.
Here’s how to apply:
- Start preparing Form I-983 and confirm employer E-Verify participation about four to five months before OPT expires.
- Submit your STEM OPT application to USCIS using Form I-765 no more than 90 days before your OPT ends.
- Include a copy of your I-20 (endorsed for STEM OPT), passport, current employment authorization document (EAD) card, transcripts, job offer letter and Form I-983.
- File early – processing can take several months.
Once your application is received, you can continue working for up to 180 days past your OPT expiration while the extension is pending, as long as you filed on time.
How to use your STEM OPT time strategically
The extra two years on STEM OPT are more than a grace period – they’re a chance to strengthen your professional foundation in the U.S.
Here’s how to make the most of it:
Build continuity with your employer
Many students stay with the same employer from their initial OPT period into the STEM extension. This consistency can lead to more responsibility, mentorship and potentially H-1B sponsorship.
Pursue promotions or internal mobility
Use your extended time to level up. STEM OPT allows you to take on more complex roles – as long as they remain tied to your degree and meet reporting requirements.
Track reporting obligations
F-1 visa holders on STEM OPT must report to their DSO every six months and submit an annual self-evaluation (part of Form I-983). Missing deadlines can jeopardize your status, so calendar reminders are your best friend.
Switch employers the right way
You can change jobs while on STEM OPT, but your new employer must also be enrolled in E-Verify and willing to complete Form I-983. Submit an updated training plan and I-20 through your DSO as soon as the switch is confirmed.
Position yourself for the H-1B lottery
STEM OPT often serves as a bridge to H-1B status. Use this time to build a strong work track record, grow technical skills and work with immigration specialists or HR teams at your company to prepare for sponsorship.
How MPOWER Financing helps international STEM graduates stay career-ready
MPOWER Financing supports international STEM students before, during and after graduation – not just with flexible, no-cosigner student loans, but also with resources tailored to help navigate OPT and STEM OPT employment.
MPOWER students receive:
- Access to Path2Success, an exclusive career platform with a job search tool filtered for OPT, STEM OPT and H-1B-friendly roles.
- A resume builder aligned with U.S. recruiter expectations.
- Job-matching features that connect your experience to relevant roles.
- Financial resources to cover expenses during the job search or while waiting on EAD renewals.
Students can also use MPOWER loans to manage living expenses, relocate for internships or invest in job-readiness tools like laptops, certifications or short courses during OPT.
If you’re preparing for STEM OPT or already working under it, MPOWER helps you stay ready – financially and professionally.
Remember: STEM OPT is a launchpad, not a pause
Three years of U.S. work authorization is more than most international students ever get. It’s a runway – so use it to take off. Plan your application early, stay organized and treat each reporting requirement as a non-negotiable.
You don’t have to do this alone. With the right employer, university guidance and support tools like those offered by MPOWER, you can turn your STEM OPT extension into a stepping stone toward long-term success.
