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Master’s abroad: Studying in the U.S. or Canada to build your future

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Choosing to pursue a master’s degree abroad can open new doors for your education, career and personal growth. For most international students considering their next step, the top destinations are the United States and Canada – countries offering world-class education, strong research opportunities and pathways to professional work experience after graduation.

This article focuses on how to choose between studying in the USA or Canada, what to expect academically and financially and how to set yourself up for long-term success.

Why pursue a master's degree in the U.S. or Canada?

Both the United States and Canada offer major advantages for foreign students pursuing master’s degrees:

World-class academic programs

Universities in the U.S. and Canada consistently rank among the top globally. You can find cutting-edge research, interdisciplinary programs and strong ties between universities and industries.

Career opportunities after graduation

Both countries allow international graduates to work temporarily after finishing their degrees – through optional practical training (OPT) in the U.S. or post-graduation work permit (PGWP) programs in Canada.

Global network building

Studying in North America connects you with classmates, professors and employers from around the world, expanding your future professional network.

Paths to longer-term immigration

Canada, in particular, offers clear pathways to permanent residence for students who graduate and gain work experience.

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Comparing master’s degree programs in the U.S. vs. Canada

Understanding the key differences can help you make the right choice for your goals.

United States

Academic highlights

  • Largest selection of master’s programs globally across all fields
  • Research opportunities and assistantships available at major universities
  • Flexibility to switch between academic tracks, concentrations and industries

Work opportunities

  • Up to 12 months of postgraduation work under OPT.
  • Students graduating with STEM degrees may qualify for a 24-month STEM OPT extension, making up to 36 months of work possible.

Financial considerations

  • Tuition can range widely depending on institution and location.
  • Scholarships for master’s degrees may be available, especially at universities that offer full scholarships to international students in the U.S.
  • Private student loans for international university students are widely available to help bridge funding gaps.

Visa essentials

  • F-1 visa required
  • After graduation: OPT, then potential H-1B sponsorship if pursuing further work in the U.S.

Canada

Academic highlights

  • World-renowned research universities, with strengths in STEM, business, public health and environmental fields
  • Smaller, more community-focused institutions available alongside major research hubs

Work opportunities

  • International students who complete master’s programs of at least eight months are eligible for PGWP.
  • PGWP allows up to three years of work in Canada after graduation, depending on program length.

Financial considerations

  • Generally lower tuition costs compared to the U.S.
  • Some Canadian universities for international students offer international scholarships or assistantships.
  • Private education loans and university-based funding options help with additional costs.

Visa essentials

  • A study permit is required to enter and study.
  • PGWP after graduation offers a relatively clear path to permanent residence for many students.

Financing your master’s abroad

Paying for a master’s degree is a major investment, but strong planning makes it manageable:

Scholarships and assistantships

Many universities in both countries offer merit-based or need-based scholarships for international students. Teaching assistant (TA) and research assistant (RA) positions can also offset tuition.

Education loans

Private education loan lenders like MPOWER Financing offer loans for international university students with no need for a U.S. or Canadian cosigner. Loan options allow you to pay for tuition and living expenses while you study.

Budget planning

Factor in not just tuition but also living expenses, health insurance, transportation and study materials. Create a realistic monthly budget based on your study location.

Focused student studying late at night with a laptop showing a study permit checklist and reminders about scholarships and visa appointments.

How to choose the right master's program in the U.S. or Canada

When making your decision, think about more than just the university ranking:

Program specialization

The U.S. offers an enormous variety of specialized master’s programs, often allowing custom combinations of majors, minors or dual degrees. Canada tends to offer slightly more structured and traditional academic paths.

International scholarship opportunities

If affordability is a major factor, research universities that offer full scholarships to international students in the U.S. and look into funding options through Canadian institutions as well.

Location and cost of living

Big U.S. cities like New York, San Francisco and Boston offer rich professional opportunities but come with very high living costs. Canadian cities like Toronto, Vancouver and Montreal are more affordable on average but still urban and multicultural.

Postgraduation plans

If you hope to build a long-term career and life abroad, Canada’s pathways to permanent residence make it an attractive option for many students.

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FAQs

Which country is better for a master’s abroad: The U.S. or Canada?

It depends on your goals. The U.S. offers more program variety and global brand recognition. Canada offers affordability, strong work authorization (PGWP) and clearer immigration pathways.

Can I get a full scholarship for a master’s abroad?

Possibly. Some universities that offer full need-based or merit-based scholarships to international students in the U.S. and Canada award full or partial funding based on merit or need. Research opportunities early.

What are the visa processes for the U.S. and Canada?
  • U.S.: To study in the U.S., international students typically need an F-1 or J-1 visa. First, you must be accepted by a school approved by the Student and Exchange Visitor Program (SEVP), which will issue a Form I-20 (for F-1) or DS-2019 (for J-1). You’ll then pay a fee, complete a DS-160 visa application, and schedule a visa interview at a U.S. embassy or consulate. Learn more about this process with our Beginner’s Guide to Getting a U.S. Student Visa.
  • Canada: You need a study permit in Canada rather than a visa. After receiving an acceptance letter from a designated learning institution (DLI), you apply online with proof of funds, a letter of explanation, and other required documents. Depending on your home country, you may also need a temporary resident visa (TRV) or an electronic travel authorization (eTA). Learn more with our guide to the Canada study visa process for international students.
Do international students work during or after master’s studies?

In both countries, students can work part time during their studies and full time after graduation through OPT (U.S.) or PGWP (Canada).

How much does it cost to study abroad for a master’s degree?

Costs vary. U.S. programs can range from US$30,000 to US$70,000 per year, while Canadian programs are often 20–30% less expensive. Always account for living costs on top of tuition.


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